Estimates for multivariable regression models 1, 2, and 3 for the composite fluid cognition outcome among SEARCH cohort study participants with complete covariate data (n = 1,277)
| . | Model 1a . | P . | Model 2b . | P . | Model 3c . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetes type: T2D vs. T1D | –9.69 (–12.00, –7.39) | <0.001 | –2.84 (–5.83, 0.14) | 0.06 | –0.99 (–3.80, 1.83) | 0.49 |
| Sex | 0.04 | |||||
| Female | — | — | 0.90 (–0.94, 2.75) | 0.33 | 1.81 (0.07, 3.54) | |
| Male | — | — | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Minority race/ethnicity | 0.07 | |||||
| Yes | — | — | –4.68 (–6.76, –2.59) | <0.001 | –1.81 (–3.82, 0.19) | |
| No | — | — | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Duration of diabetes (1-year increase) | — | — | –0.16 (–0.43, 0.10) | 0.22 | –0.15 (–0.40, 0.10) | 0.23 |
| WHtR (0.1-unit increase) | — | — | –1.76 (–2.92, –0.60) | <0.01 | –1.50 (–2.59, –0.41) | <0.01 |
| HbA1c AUC (1-unit increase) | — | — | –0.11 (–0.67, 0.45) | 0.70 | 0.24 (–0.29, 0.78) | 0.37 |
| Any hypoglycemic events (12 months) | 0.43 | 0.82 | ||||
| Yes | — | — | –1.29 (–4.49, 1.90) | –0.35 (–3.35, 2.65) | ||
| No | — | — | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| CES-D score (1-unit increase) | — | — | –0.18 (–0.28, –0.08) | <0.001 | –0.20 (–0.30, –0.10) | <0.0001 |
| Parental education | <0.01 | 0.53 | ||||
| High school graduate or less | — | — | –3.22 (–5.38, –1.06) | –0.65 (–2.72, 1.41) | ||
| Some college or more | — | — | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Household income ($) | <0.01 | 0.14 | ||||
| <25,000 | — | — | –4.63 (–7.60, –1.66) | –2.43 (–5.23, 0.38) | ||
| 25,000–49,999 | — | — | –1.82 (–4.62, 0.98) | –0.49 (–3.13, 2.15) | ||
| 50,000–74,999 | — | — | –0.02 (–3.29, 3.24) | –0.16 (–3.22, 2.91) | ||
| Do not know or refused | — | — | –4.56 (–6.96, –1.75) | –2.69 (–5.15, –0.23) | ||
| ≥75,000 | — | — | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Picture Vocabulary score (1-unit increase) | — | — | — | — | 0.41 (0.35, 0.48) | <0.0001 |
| . | Model 1a . | P . | Model 2b . | P . | Model 3c . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetes type: T2D vs. T1D | –9.69 (–12.00, –7.39) | <0.001 | –2.84 (–5.83, 0.14) | 0.06 | –0.99 (–3.80, 1.83) | 0.49 |
| Sex | 0.04 | |||||
| Female | — | — | 0.90 (–0.94, 2.75) | 0.33 | 1.81 (0.07, 3.54) | |
| Male | — | — | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Minority race/ethnicity | 0.07 | |||||
| Yes | — | — | –4.68 (–6.76, –2.59) | <0.001 | –1.81 (–3.82, 0.19) | |
| No | — | — | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Duration of diabetes (1-year increase) | — | — | –0.16 (–0.43, 0.10) | 0.22 | –0.15 (–0.40, 0.10) | 0.23 |
| WHtR (0.1-unit increase) | — | — | –1.76 (–2.92, –0.60) | <0.01 | –1.50 (–2.59, –0.41) | <0.01 |
| HbA1c AUC (1-unit increase) | — | — | –0.11 (–0.67, 0.45) | 0.70 | 0.24 (–0.29, 0.78) | 0.37 |
| Any hypoglycemic events (12 months) | 0.43 | 0.82 | ||||
| Yes | — | — | –1.29 (–4.49, 1.90) | –0.35 (–3.35, 2.65) | ||
| No | — | — | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| CES-D score (1-unit increase) | — | — | –0.18 (–0.28, –0.08) | <0.001 | –0.20 (–0.30, –0.10) | <0.0001 |
| Parental education | <0.01 | 0.53 | ||||
| High school graduate or less | — | — | –3.22 (–5.38, –1.06) | –0.65 (–2.72, 1.41) | ||
| Some college or more | — | — | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Household income ($) | <0.01 | 0.14 | ||||
| <25,000 | — | — | –4.63 (–7.60, –1.66) | –2.43 (–5.23, 0.38) | ||
| 25,000–49,999 | — | — | –1.82 (–4.62, 0.98) | –0.49 (–3.13, 2.15) | ||
| 50,000–74,999 | — | — | –0.02 (–3.29, 3.24) | –0.16 (–3.22, 2.91) | ||
| Do not know or refused | — | — | –4.56 (–6.96, –1.75) | –2.69 (–5.15, –0.23) | ||
| ≥75,000 | — | — | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Picture Vocabulary score (1-unit increase) | — | — | — | — | 0.41 (0.35, 0.48) | <0.0001 |
Data are presented as estimate (95% CI). Ref., referent.
Model 1 included the main effect for diabetes type (T2D vs. T1D). All models also adjusted for SEARCH clinical site.
Model 2 variables included the covariates sex, race/ethnicity, duration of diabetes, WHtR, CES-D, any hypoglycemic events in the past 12 months, parental education, household income, and glycemic control.
Model 3 variables included all model 1 and model 2 variables in addition to age-corrected Picture Vocabulary scores.