. | N = 6,998 . |
---|---|
Age, years, mean (SD) | 60.9 ± 15.2 |
Age category, years | |
<60 | 3,083 (44.1) |
60 to <70 | 1,996 (28.5) |
70 to <80 | 1,248 (17.8) |
≥80 | 671 (9.6) |
Female sex | 3,419 (48.9) |
Race/ethnicity* | |
Non-Hispanic White | 2,308 (33.0) |
Non-Hispanic Asian | 1,888 (27.0) |
Non-Hispanic Black | 898 (12.8) |
Hispanic | 1,020 (14.6) |
Other/unknown | 884 (12.6) |
A1C category, % | |
<6 | 872 (12.5) |
6–6.9 | 2,215 (31.7) |
7–7.9 | 1,778 (25.4) |
8–8.9 | 986 (14.1) |
≥9 | 1,147 (16.4) |
CKD (stage 4–5)† | 319 (4.6) |
Medication order during baseline period | |
Any insulin | 2,662 (38.0) |
Any secretagogues, no insulin | 1,656 (23.7) |
Metformin only | 2,175 (31.1) |
Other glucose-lowering medication | 505 (7.22) |
Insurance‡ | |
Private | 2,419 (34.6) |
Medicare | 3,174 (45.4) |
Medicaid | 1,184 (16.9) |
None/other/unknown | 221 (3.2) |
Number of observation periods per patient | 3.7 ± 3.4 |
Change in medication order after A1C measurement§ | |
Change in insulin medication orders | 3,115 (13.7) |
Change in secretagogue medication orders, no change to insulin | 2,300 (10.1) |
Change in metformin only | 1,542 (6.8) |
Other glucose-lowering medication change | 755 (3.3) |
No change in medication orders | 14,961 (66.0) |
Number of medication changes during observation period | 2.4 ± 2.0 |
Days to medication change, median (IQR)‖ | 13 (2–60) |
. | N = 6,998 . |
---|---|
Age, years, mean (SD) | 60.9 ± 15.2 |
Age category, years | |
<60 | 3,083 (44.1) |
60 to <70 | 1,996 (28.5) |
70 to <80 | 1,248 (17.8) |
≥80 | 671 (9.6) |
Female sex | 3,419 (48.9) |
Race/ethnicity* | |
Non-Hispanic White | 2,308 (33.0) |
Non-Hispanic Asian | 1,888 (27.0) |
Non-Hispanic Black | 898 (12.8) |
Hispanic | 1,020 (14.6) |
Other/unknown | 884 (12.6) |
A1C category, % | |
<6 | 872 (12.5) |
6–6.9 | 2,215 (31.7) |
7–7.9 | 1,778 (25.4) |
8–8.9 | 986 (14.1) |
≥9 | 1,147 (16.4) |
CKD (stage 4–5)† | 319 (4.6) |
Medication order during baseline period | |
Any insulin | 2,662 (38.0) |
Any secretagogues, no insulin | 1,656 (23.7) |
Metformin only | 2,175 (31.1) |
Other glucose-lowering medication | 505 (7.22) |
Insurance‡ | |
Private | 2,419 (34.6) |
Medicare | 3,174 (45.4) |
Medicaid | 1,184 (16.9) |
None/other/unknown | 221 (3.2) |
Number of observation periods per patient | 3.7 ± 3.4 |
Change in medication order after A1C measurement§ | |
Change in insulin medication orders | 3,115 (13.7) |
Change in secretagogue medication orders, no change to insulin | 2,300 (10.1) |
Change in metformin only | 1,542 (6.8) |
Other glucose-lowering medication change | 755 (3.3) |
No change in medication orders | 14,961 (66.0) |
Number of medication changes during observation period | 2.4 ± 2.0 |
Days to medication change, median (IQR)‖ | 13 (2–60) |
Data are mean ± SD or n (%) unless otherwise noted.
Race/ethnicity was based on patient self-reports.
CKD (stage 4–5) was determined using eGFR laboratory values; patients with stage 4–5 CKD had eGFR values ≤29 mL/min/1.73 m2.
Insurance status was determined using the insurance class recorded for the last available encounter preceding the index date.
Across all observations (n = 22,673).
Across all observations with a medication change after A1C measurement (n = 7,712). IQR, interquartile range.