. | Events/N . | Crude incidence rate per 100 PY . | Model 1* . | Model 2* . | Model 3* . | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Without hypoglycemia . | After hypoglycemia . | |||||
Incident cardiovascular events | ||||||
Coronary heart disease | 173/992 | 1.24 (1.05–1.46) | 3.87 (2.65–5.64) | 2.78 (1.81–4.38) | 2.23 (1.23–3.52) | 2.02 (1.27–3.20) |
Stroke | 120/1,163 | 0.81 (0.67–0.98) | 1.17 (0.63–2.17) | 1.15 (0.59–2.23) | 0.91 (0.46–1.81) | 0.81 (0.40–1.63) |
Heart failure | 300/1,190 | 1.82 (1.61–2.06) | 6.61 (5.04–8.67) | 2.35 (1.72–3.20) | 1.37 (0.98–1.91) | 1.35 (0.96–1.89) |
Atrial fibrillation | 254/1,162 | 1.70 (1.49–1.94) | 3.36 (2.32–4.87) | 1.55 (1.03–2.32) | 1.13 (0.74–1.73) | 1.05 (0.68–1.60) |
Peripheral artery disease | 89/1,128 | 0.53 (0.42–0.67) | 2.07 (1.30–3.29) | 3.35 (1.94–5.78) | 1.85 (1.04–3.30) | 1.55 (0.86–2.80) |
Mortality | ||||||
All-cause | 586/1,209 | 3.20 (2.92–3.50) | 11.43 (9.54–13.68) | 2.56 (2.08–3.17) | 1.86 (1.49–2.33) | 1.73 (1.38–2.17) |
Cardiovascular** | 218/1,209 | 1.15 (0.99–1.34) | 4.74 (3.59–6.28) | 2.80 (2.00–3.91) | 1.76 (1.23–2.51) | 1.64 (1.15–2.34) |
Cancer** | 121/1,209 | 0.68 (0.56–0.83) | 2.03 (1.33–3.12) | 2.44 (1.49–3.99) | 2.61 (1.55–4.38) | 2.49 (1.46–4.24) |
Other** | 218/1,209 | 1.21 (1.04–1.40) | 3.97 (2.92–5.39) | 2.31 (1.62–3.30) | 1.47 (1.01–2.15) | 1.40 (0.95–2.03) |
. | Events/N . | Crude incidence rate per 100 PY . | Model 1* . | Model 2* . | Model 3* . | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Without hypoglycemia . | After hypoglycemia . | |||||
Incident cardiovascular events | ||||||
Coronary heart disease | 173/992 | 1.24 (1.05–1.46) | 3.87 (2.65–5.64) | 2.78 (1.81–4.38) | 2.23 (1.23–3.52) | 2.02 (1.27–3.20) |
Stroke | 120/1,163 | 0.81 (0.67–0.98) | 1.17 (0.63–2.17) | 1.15 (0.59–2.23) | 0.91 (0.46–1.81) | 0.81 (0.40–1.63) |
Heart failure | 300/1,190 | 1.82 (1.61–2.06) | 6.61 (5.04–8.67) | 2.35 (1.72–3.20) | 1.37 (0.98–1.91) | 1.35 (0.96–1.89) |
Atrial fibrillation | 254/1,162 | 1.70 (1.49–1.94) | 3.36 (2.32–4.87) | 1.55 (1.03–2.32) | 1.13 (0.74–1.73) | 1.05 (0.68–1.60) |
Peripheral artery disease | 89/1,128 | 0.53 (0.42–0.67) | 2.07 (1.30–3.29) | 3.35 (1.94–5.78) | 1.85 (1.04–3.30) | 1.55 (0.86–2.80) |
Mortality | ||||||
All-cause | 586/1,209 | 3.20 (2.92–3.50) | 11.43 (9.54–13.68) | 2.56 (2.08–3.17) | 1.86 (1.49–2.33) | 1.73 (1.38–2.17) |
Cardiovascular** | 218/1,209 | 1.15 (0.99–1.34) | 4.74 (3.59–6.28) | 2.80 (2.00–3.91) | 1.76 (1.23–2.51) | 1.64 (1.15–2.34) |
Cancer** | 121/1,209 | 0.68 (0.56–0.83) | 2.03 (1.33–3.12) | 2.44 (1.49–3.99) | 2.61 (1.55–4.38) | 2.49 (1.46–4.24) |
Other** | 218/1,209 | 1.21 (1.04–1.40) | 3.97 (2.92–5.39) | 2.31 (1.62–3.30) | 1.47 (1.01–2.15) | 1.40 (0.95–2.03) |
Severe hypoglycemia was modeled as a time-dependent exposure. PY, person-years.
*Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, and race-center. Model 2 additionally included diabetes medications, fructosamine tertiles, duration of diabetes, low eGFR, albuminuria, income, and any difficulty with activities of daily living. Model 3 additionally included systolic blood pressure, hypertension medication use, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, cholesterol-lowering medication use, and smoking status.
**Cause of death was missing for 29 individuals, and they were censored at the time of death in the analyses of cause-specific death.