American Diabetes Association

Table 1

Characteristics of the children participating in the study

	All children			CInt group			II group			P
	N	n	%	N	n	%	N	n	%	P
Age, years (mean, SD)	116	(10.6,	1.1)	57	(10.6,	1.1)	59	(10.5,	1.0)	0.701
Girls	116	62	53.4	57	30	52.6	59	32	54.2	0.862
Non-Spanish origin of the mother	116	18	15.5	57	6	10.5	59	12	20.3	0.114
High maternal education level	115	84	73.0	57	46	80.7	58	38	65.5	0.092
Family history of diabetes	115	9	7.8	57	7	11.3	58	2	4.0	0.094
Tanner stage
Telarche or gonadarche	108			55			53			0.277
I		38	34.3		20	36.4		22	41.7
II		30	38.9		20	36.4		12	22.6
III		19	15.7		12	21.0		11	20.8
IV–V		10	11.1		3	5.4		8	15.1
Pubarche	108			55			53			0.865
I		37	34.3		20	36.4		17	32.1
II		42	38.9		22	40.0		20	37.7
III		17	15.7		7	12.7		10	18.9
IV–V		12	11.1		6	10.9		6	11.3
Weight status	116			57			59			0.727
Overweight		49	42.3		25	43.9		24	40.7
Obesity grade I		58	50.0		29	50.9		29	49.2
Obesity grade II		6	5.2		2	3.5		4	6.8
Obesity grade III		3	2.6		1	1.8		2	3.4
High blood pressure	116	8	6.9	57	3	5.3	59	5	8.5	0.350
Hypertriglyceridemia	115	9	7.8	57	3	5.3	58	6	10.3	0.490
High TG/HDLc	114	37	32.	56	17	30.4	58	20	34.5	0.692
Hepatic steatosis	115	41	35.7	57	18	31.6	58	23	39.7	0.239
Insulin resistance	114	51	44.7	55	24	42.9	58	27	46.6	0.705

	All children			CInt group			II group			P
	N	n	%	N	n	%	N	n	%	P
Age, years (mean, SD)	116	(10.6,	1.1)	57	(10.6,	1.1)	59	(10.5,	1.0)	0.701
Girls	116	62	53.4	57	30	52.6	59	32	54.2	0.862
Non-Spanish origin of the mother	116	18	15.5	57	6	10.5	59	12	20.3	0.114
High maternal education level	115	84	73.0	57	46	80.7	58	38	65.5	0.092
Family history of diabetes	115	9	7.8	57	7	11.3	58	2	4.0	0.094
Tanner stage
Telarche or gonadarche	108			55			53			0.277
I		38	34.3		20	36.4		22	41.7
II		30	38.9		20	36.4		12	22.6
III		19	15.7		12	21.0		11	20.8
IV–V		10	11.1		3	5.4		8	15.1
Pubarche	108			55			53			0.865
I		37	34.3		20	36.4		17	32.1
II		42	38.9		22	40.0		20	37.7
III		17	15.7		7	12.7		10	18.9
IV–V		12	11.1		6	10.9		6	11.3
Weight status	116			57			59			0.727
Overweight		49	42.3		25	43.9		24	40.7
Obesity grade I		58	50.0		29	50.9		29	49.2
Obesity grade II		6	5.2		2	3.5		4	6.8
Obesity grade III		3	2.6		1	1.8		2	3.4
High blood pressure	116	8	6.9	57	3	5.3	59	5	8.5	0.350
Hypertriglyceridemia	115	9	7.8	57	3	5.3	58	6	10.3	0.490
High TG/HDLc	114	37	32.	56	17	30.4	58	20	34.5	0.692
Hepatic steatosis	115	41	35.7	57	18	31.6	58	23	39.7	0.239
Insulin resistance	114	51	44.7	55	24	42.9	58	27	46.6	0.705

CInt group: children participating in the family-based lifestyle and psycho-educational program; II group: children participating in the same program plus the supervised exercise program.

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