Model . | Overall . | BHS . | Princeton . | YFS . | NHGS + MN Insulin . |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BMI and glucose | |||||
n T2DM/N | 436/6,738 | 265/3,226 | 79/788 | 70/1,797 | 22/927 |
Multivariable model | |||||
BMI | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 1.55 (1.44, 1.67) | 1.52 (1.39, 1.66) | 1.40 (1.15, 1.69) | 2.02 (1.57, 2.62) | 1.84 (1.40, 2.42) |
P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Glucose | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 1.24 (1.13, 1.35) | 1.32 (1.16, 1.52) | 1.08 (0.82, 1.42) | 1.22 (1.04, 1.42) | 1.46 (0.89, 2.40) |
P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.590 | 0.012 | 0.134 |
Risk score model | |||||
Mean BMI and glucose | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 1.87 (1.72, 2.05) | 2.08 (1.81, 2.40) | 1.60 (1.22, 2.10) | 1.64 (1.36, 1.97) | 2.97 (1.93, 4.58) |
P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
BMI, glucose and ln(insulin) | |||||
n T2DM/N | 284/5,196 | 198/2,605 | 0/0 | 70/1,797 | 15/789 |
Multivariable model | |||||
BMI | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 1.44 (1.31, 1.59) | 1.39 (1.24, 1.55) | 1.82 (1.34, 2.48) | 1.62 (1.12, 2.36) | |
P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.011 | |
Glucose | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 1.23 (1.10, 1.37) | 1.34 (1.08, 1.68) | 1.20 (1.02, 1.41) | 2.36 (0.99, 5.65) | |
P value | <0.001 | 0.010 | 0.031 | 0.055 | |
ln(insulin) | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 1.34 (1.16, 1.56) | 1.26 (1.07, 1.50) | 1.33 (0.87, 2.02) | 1.93 (1.09, 3.41) | |
P value | <0.001 | 0.008 | 0.189 | 0.025 | |
Risk score model | |||||
Mean BMI, glucose, and ln(insulin) | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 2.38 (2.08, 2.73) | 2.40 (1.99, 2.90) | 2.11 (1.64, 2.72) | 5.80 (2.98, 11.3) | |
P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Model . | Overall . | BHS . | Princeton . | YFS . | NHGS + MN Insulin . |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BMI and glucose | |||||
n T2DM/N | 436/6,738 | 265/3,226 | 79/788 | 70/1,797 | 22/927 |
Multivariable model | |||||
BMI | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 1.55 (1.44, 1.67) | 1.52 (1.39, 1.66) | 1.40 (1.15, 1.69) | 2.02 (1.57, 2.62) | 1.84 (1.40, 2.42) |
P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Glucose | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 1.24 (1.13, 1.35) | 1.32 (1.16, 1.52) | 1.08 (0.82, 1.42) | 1.22 (1.04, 1.42) | 1.46 (0.89, 2.40) |
P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.590 | 0.012 | 0.134 |
Risk score model | |||||
Mean BMI and glucose | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 1.87 (1.72, 2.05) | 2.08 (1.81, 2.40) | 1.60 (1.22, 2.10) | 1.64 (1.36, 1.97) | 2.97 (1.93, 4.58) |
P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
BMI, glucose and ln(insulin) | |||||
n T2DM/N | 284/5,196 | 198/2,605 | 0/0 | 70/1,797 | 15/789 |
Multivariable model | |||||
BMI | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 1.44 (1.31, 1.59) | 1.39 (1.24, 1.55) | 1.82 (1.34, 2.48) | 1.62 (1.12, 2.36) | |
P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.011 | |
Glucose | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 1.23 (1.10, 1.37) | 1.34 (1.08, 1.68) | 1.20 (1.02, 1.41) | 2.36 (0.99, 5.65) | |
P value | <0.001 | 0.010 | 0.031 | 0.055 | |
ln(insulin) | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 1.34 (1.16, 1.56) | 1.26 (1.07, 1.50) | 1.33 (0.87, 2.02) | 1.93 (1.09, 3.41) | |
P value | <0.001 | 0.008 | 0.189 | 0.025 | |
Risk score model | |||||
Mean BMI, glucose, and ln(insulin) | |||||
HR (95% CI) | 2.38 (2.08, 2.73) | 2.40 (1.99, 2.90) | 2.11 (1.64, 2.72) | 5.80 (2.98, 11.3) | |
P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Cox regression analysis with childhood variable z-scores. The z-scores are age- and sex-standardized deviates on the basis of the i3C distribution. Adjustment is for individual mean age and calendar year across childhood visits, sex, race, country, and cohort. The time to event was computed as age at T2DM occurrence or censoring minus individual mean age across childhood visits. BHS, Bogalusa Heart Study; MN Insulin, Minneapolis Children’s Cohort (Insulin Study); NHGS, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study; Princeton, Princeton Lipid Research Study; YFS, Young Finns Study.