. | INPUT group (n = 135) . | Control group (n = 133) . | P value . |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 42.8 (14.2) | 44.3 (14.3) | 0.383 |
Median (IQR) | 45.0 (29.5–53.0) | 45.0 (34.0–55.0) | 0.477 |
Sex | 0.01 | ||
Male | 44 (33) | 64 (48) | |
Female | 91 (67) | 69 (52) | |
Education (years) | 11.3 (2.2) | 11.5 (2.3) | 0.534 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.2 (5.7) | 27.9 (5.5) | 0.633 |
Diabetes type | 1.000 | ||
Type 1 | 134 (99.3) | 133 (100) | |
Type 2 | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0) | |
Duration of diabetes (years) | 22.6 (12.4) | 23.2 (12.7) | 0.717 |
Median (IQR) | 21.0 (12.5–32.8) | 21.0 (13.0–30.1) | 0.688 |
Screening HbA1c | 0.604 | ||
mmol/mol | 68.2 (8.7) | 68.8 (10.0) | |
% | 8.4 (0.8) | 8.4 (0.9) | |
HbA1c (central laboratory) | 0.808 | ||
mmol/mol | 67.2 (9.1) | 67.5 (10.3) | |
% | 8.3 (0.8) | 8.3 (0.9) | |
Self-monitored blood glucose measurements (mean number per day) | 5.4 (1.8) | 5.2 (1.9) | 0.424 |
Structured diabetes education | |||
Number of courses | 4.6 (3.6) | 4.3 (3.2) | 0.468 |
Time since last education (years) | 4.7 (4.2) | 4.2 (3.6) | 0.252 |
Duration of CSII therapy (years) | 10.1 (8.0) | 8.9 (6.8) | 0.184 |
Median (IQR) | 7.8 (4.0–14.3) | 7.3 (3.6–13.5) | 0.328 |
Participants on CSII therapy | |||
<1 year | 6 (4.4) | 8 (6.0) | |
<5 years | 39 (28.8) | 48 (36.1) | |
<10 years | 86 (63.6) | 83 (62.4) | |
≥10 years | 49 (36.3) | 50 (37.6) | |
Age of onset of CSII therapy (years) | 32.6 (13.7) | 35.3 (14.8) | 0.120 |
Median (IQR) | 31.8 (23.2–41.1) | 34.5 (23.2–46.9) | 0.144 |
Participants on CSII therapy | |||
<12 years | 8 (5.9) | 3 (2.3) | |
<18 years | 20 (14.8) | 19 (14.4) | |
≥18 years | 115 (85.2) | 114 (85.6) | |
Therapy regimen at last education | 0.081 | ||
CSII therapy | 94 (69.6) | 105 (78.9) | |
MDI therapy | 41 (30.4) | 28 (21.1) | |
Late complications | |||
Participants with at least one | 63 (46.7) | 54 (40.6) | 0.317 |
Number of complications | 0.8 (1.1) | 0.8 (1.1) | 0.981 |
Severe hypoglycemia (third-party assistance + medical intervention) | |||
Total number of events (rate per patient-year) | 27 (0.40) | 27 (0.41) | 0.993 |
Number of affected participants (%) | 13 (9.6) | 15 (11.3) | 0.644 |
. | INPUT group (n = 135) . | Control group (n = 133) . | P value . |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 42.8 (14.2) | 44.3 (14.3) | 0.383 |
Median (IQR) | 45.0 (29.5–53.0) | 45.0 (34.0–55.0) | 0.477 |
Sex | 0.01 | ||
Male | 44 (33) | 64 (48) | |
Female | 91 (67) | 69 (52) | |
Education (years) | 11.3 (2.2) | 11.5 (2.3) | 0.534 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.2 (5.7) | 27.9 (5.5) | 0.633 |
Diabetes type | 1.000 | ||
Type 1 | 134 (99.3) | 133 (100) | |
Type 2 | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0) | |
Duration of diabetes (years) | 22.6 (12.4) | 23.2 (12.7) | 0.717 |
Median (IQR) | 21.0 (12.5–32.8) | 21.0 (13.0–30.1) | 0.688 |
Screening HbA1c | 0.604 | ||
mmol/mol | 68.2 (8.7) | 68.8 (10.0) | |
% | 8.4 (0.8) | 8.4 (0.9) | |
HbA1c (central laboratory) | 0.808 | ||
mmol/mol | 67.2 (9.1) | 67.5 (10.3) | |
% | 8.3 (0.8) | 8.3 (0.9) | |
Self-monitored blood glucose measurements (mean number per day) | 5.4 (1.8) | 5.2 (1.9) | 0.424 |
Structured diabetes education | |||
Number of courses | 4.6 (3.6) | 4.3 (3.2) | 0.468 |
Time since last education (years) | 4.7 (4.2) | 4.2 (3.6) | 0.252 |
Duration of CSII therapy (years) | 10.1 (8.0) | 8.9 (6.8) | 0.184 |
Median (IQR) | 7.8 (4.0–14.3) | 7.3 (3.6–13.5) | 0.328 |
Participants on CSII therapy | |||
<1 year | 6 (4.4) | 8 (6.0) | |
<5 years | 39 (28.8) | 48 (36.1) | |
<10 years | 86 (63.6) | 83 (62.4) | |
≥10 years | 49 (36.3) | 50 (37.6) | |
Age of onset of CSII therapy (years) | 32.6 (13.7) | 35.3 (14.8) | 0.120 |
Median (IQR) | 31.8 (23.2–41.1) | 34.5 (23.2–46.9) | 0.144 |
Participants on CSII therapy | |||
<12 years | 8 (5.9) | 3 (2.3) | |
<18 years | 20 (14.8) | 19 (14.4) | |
≥18 years | 115 (85.2) | 114 (85.6) | |
Therapy regimen at last education | 0.081 | ||
CSII therapy | 94 (69.6) | 105 (78.9) | |
MDI therapy | 41 (30.4) | 28 (21.1) | |
Late complications | |||
Participants with at least one | 63 (46.7) | 54 (40.6) | 0.317 |
Number of complications | 0.8 (1.1) | 0.8 (1.1) | 0.981 |
Severe hypoglycemia (third-party assistance + medical intervention) | |||
Total number of events (rate per patient-year) | 27 (0.40) | 27 (0.41) | 0.993 |
Number of affected participants (%) | 13 (9.6) | 15 (11.3) | 0.644 |
Data are mean (SD) or n (%) unless otherwise indicated. Late complications (from medical records): retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, coronary heart disease, diabetic foot syndrome.