. | No dementia . | Dementia . | Overall . | P . |
---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | 3,278 (95.48) | 155 (4.52) | 3,433 | |
Demographics | ||||
Age at entry (years) | ||||
Mean (SD) | 55.7 (7.7) | 64.0 (9.9) | 56.1 (8.0) | <0.0001 |
Median (IQR) | 51.7 (50.3, 58.9) | 63.3 (55.9, 71.8) | 51.9 (50.3, 59.7) | |
Range (min, max) | (50.0, 95.6) | (50.0, 87.6) | (50.0, 95.6) | |
Race | ||||
White | 2,628 (80.2) | 123 (79.4) | 2,751 (80.1) | 0.80 |
Asian | 128 (3.9) | 4 (2.6) | 132 (3.8) | 0.40 |
Black | 149 (4.5) | 8 (5.2) | 157 (4.6) | 0.72 |
Hispanic | 171 (5.2) | 8 (5.2) | 179 (5.2) | 0.98 |
Other | 117 (3.6) | 12 (7.7) | 129 (3.7) | 0.01 |
Missing | 85 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 85 (2.5) | 0.04 |
Female | 1,547 (47.2) | 71 (45.8) | 1,618 (47.1) | 0.74 |
Baseline health characteristics | ||||
Peripheral arterial disease | 223 (6.8) | 12 (7.7) | 235 (6.8) | 0.65 |
Neuropathy | 469 (14.3) | 19 (12.3) | 488 (14.2) | 0.48 |
Nephropathy | 558 (17.0) | 22 (14.2) | 580 (16.9) | 0.36 |
Severe diabetic retinopathy | 1,037 (31.6) | 54 (34.8) | 1,091 (31.8) | 0.40 |
Stroke | 114 (3.5) | 12 (7.7) | 126 (3.7) | 0.01 |
Myocardial infarction | 82 (2.5) | 3 (1.9) | 85 (2.5) | 0.66 |
Hyperglycemic event | 285 (8.7) | 9 (5.8) | 294 (8.6) | 0.21 |
Hypoglycemic event | 486 (14.8) | 17 (11.0) | 503 (14.7) | 0.18 |
Study characteristics | ||||
Baseline HbA1c category (%) | ||||
<6 | 155 (4.7) | 4 (2.6) | 159 (4.6) | 0.21 |
6–6.9 | 635 (19.4) | 30 (19.4) | 665 (19.4) | 0.99 |
7–7.9 | 926 (28.2) | 39 (25.2) | 965 (28.1) | 0.40 |
8–8.9 | 654 (20.0) | 42 (27.1) | 696 (20.3) | 0.03 |
≥9 | 908 (27.7) | 40 (25.8) | 948 (27.6) | 0.61 |
Years of follow-up | ||||
Mean (SD) | 6.2 (5.2) | 6.8 (4.9) | 6.3 (5.2) | 0.20 |
Median (IQR) | 4.7 (1.7, 9.8) | 5.9 (2.4, 10.6) | 4.8 (1.7, 9.9) | |
Range (min, max) | (0.0, 19.7) | (0.0, 17.8) | (0.0, 19.7) | |
Number of HbA1c measurements | ||||
Mean (SD) | 13.4 (12.6) | 15.4 (13.4) | 13.5 (12.6) | 0.05 |
Median (IQR) | 9.0 (3.0, 20.0) | 11.0 (5.0, 25.0) | 9.0 (3.0, 20.0) | |
Range (min, max) | (1.0, 105.0) | (1.0, 60.0) | (1.0, 105.0) |
. | No dementia . | Dementia . | Overall . | P . |
---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | 3,278 (95.48) | 155 (4.52) | 3,433 | |
Demographics | ||||
Age at entry (years) | ||||
Mean (SD) | 55.7 (7.7) | 64.0 (9.9) | 56.1 (8.0) | <0.0001 |
Median (IQR) | 51.7 (50.3, 58.9) | 63.3 (55.9, 71.8) | 51.9 (50.3, 59.7) | |
Range (min, max) | (50.0, 95.6) | (50.0, 87.6) | (50.0, 95.6) | |
Race | ||||
White | 2,628 (80.2) | 123 (79.4) | 2,751 (80.1) | 0.80 |
Asian | 128 (3.9) | 4 (2.6) | 132 (3.8) | 0.40 |
Black | 149 (4.5) | 8 (5.2) | 157 (4.6) | 0.72 |
Hispanic | 171 (5.2) | 8 (5.2) | 179 (5.2) | 0.98 |
Other | 117 (3.6) | 12 (7.7) | 129 (3.7) | 0.01 |
Missing | 85 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 85 (2.5) | 0.04 |
Female | 1,547 (47.2) | 71 (45.8) | 1,618 (47.1) | 0.74 |
Baseline health characteristics | ||||
Peripheral arterial disease | 223 (6.8) | 12 (7.7) | 235 (6.8) | 0.65 |
Neuropathy | 469 (14.3) | 19 (12.3) | 488 (14.2) | 0.48 |
Nephropathy | 558 (17.0) | 22 (14.2) | 580 (16.9) | 0.36 |
Severe diabetic retinopathy | 1,037 (31.6) | 54 (34.8) | 1,091 (31.8) | 0.40 |
Stroke | 114 (3.5) | 12 (7.7) | 126 (3.7) | 0.01 |
Myocardial infarction | 82 (2.5) | 3 (1.9) | 85 (2.5) | 0.66 |
Hyperglycemic event | 285 (8.7) | 9 (5.8) | 294 (8.6) | 0.21 |
Hypoglycemic event | 486 (14.8) | 17 (11.0) | 503 (14.7) | 0.18 |
Study characteristics | ||||
Baseline HbA1c category (%) | ||||
<6 | 155 (4.7) | 4 (2.6) | 159 (4.6) | 0.21 |
6–6.9 | 635 (19.4) | 30 (19.4) | 665 (19.4) | 0.99 |
7–7.9 | 926 (28.2) | 39 (25.2) | 965 (28.1) | 0.40 |
8–8.9 | 654 (20.0) | 42 (27.1) | 696 (20.3) | 0.03 |
≥9 | 908 (27.7) | 40 (25.8) | 948 (27.6) | 0.61 |
Years of follow-up | ||||
Mean (SD) | 6.2 (5.2) | 6.8 (4.9) | 6.3 (5.2) | 0.20 |
Median (IQR) | 4.7 (1.7, 9.8) | 5.9 (2.4, 10.6) | 4.8 (1.7, 9.9) | |
Range (min, max) | (0.0, 19.7) | (0.0, 17.8) | (0.0, 19.7) | |
Number of HbA1c measurements | ||||
Mean (SD) | 13.4 (12.6) | 15.4 (13.4) | 13.5 (12.6) | 0.05 |
Median (IQR) | 9.0 (3.0, 20.0) | 11.0 (5.0, 25.0) | 9.0 (3.0, 20.0) | |
Range (min, max) | (1.0, 105.0) | (1.0, 60.0) | (1.0, 105.0) |
Data are presented as n (%) unless otherwise indicated. P values were calculated using the χ2 test or Student t test. max, maximum; min, minimum.