Criteria for Testing for Diabetes or Prediabetes in Asymptomatic Adults
| Testing should be considered in overweight or obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2 or ≥23 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) adults who have one or more of the following risk factors: |
| First-degree relative with diabetes |
| High-risk race/ethnicity (e.g., African American, Latino, Native American, Asian American, Pacific Islander) |
| History of CVD |
| Hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg or on therapy for hypertension) |
| HDL cholesterol level <35 mg/dL (0.90 mmol/L) and/or a triglyceride level >250 mg/dL (2.82 mmol/L) |
| Women with polycystic ovary syndrome |
| Physical inactivity |
| Other clinical conditions associated with insulin resistance (e.g., severe obesity, acanthosis nigricans) |
| Patients with prediabetes (A1C ≥5.7% [39 mmol/mol], IGT, or IFG) should be tested yearly. |
| Women who were diagnosed with GDM should have lifelong testing at least every 3 years. |
| For all other patients, testing should begin at age 45 years. |
| If results are normal, testing should be repeated at a minimum of 3-year intervals, with consideration of more frequent testing depending on initial results and risk status. |
| Testing should be considered in overweight or obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2 or ≥23 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) adults who have one or more of the following risk factors: |
| First-degree relative with diabetes |
| High-risk race/ethnicity (e.g., African American, Latino, Native American, Asian American, Pacific Islander) |
| History of CVD |
| Hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg or on therapy for hypertension) |
| HDL cholesterol level <35 mg/dL (0.90 mmol/L) and/or a triglyceride level >250 mg/dL (2.82 mmol/L) |
| Women with polycystic ovary syndrome |
| Physical inactivity |
| Other clinical conditions associated with insulin resistance (e.g., severe obesity, acanthosis nigricans) |
| Patients with prediabetes (A1C ≥5.7% [39 mmol/mol], IGT, or IFG) should be tested yearly. |
| Women who were diagnosed with GDM should have lifelong testing at least every 3 years. |
| For all other patients, testing should begin at age 45 years. |
| If results are normal, testing should be repeated at a minimum of 3-year intervals, with consideration of more frequent testing depending on initial results and risk status. |